Thursday, 3 October 2013

Functions of Adverbs



Functions of Adverbs

-----  as adverbials

-----  as modifiers

a)  Adverbs as adverbials -----time, place and manners

          -----  give more information on the action or the circumstances of the action

          -----  about where / when / how an action happened

          [Nina] met (her uncle) somewhere near the post office.   (                   )

          [Wendy] stayed overnight in Kuching on the way home to Sibu.  (             )

          [Jean] always speaks kindly and politely to others.  (                    )

         [ We] do ((the spring cleaning) of (our school)) once a year.  (                    )      
          [Shelley] failed (her driving test) totally.        (                      )

b)  Adverbs as modifiers

          ----- add information to another word ---an adjective/ an adverb of manners/

              determiner/ pronoun / numeral

          ----- normally come before the word they modify

          -----usually Adverbs of Degree

          -----exceptional case -----‘enough’  after the adjective / adverb that it modifies
            
          [Sally] paid over (RM800) for food last month.                 (                           )
          [Cecilia] danced amazingly well in the concert.         (                      )
          [Samy] ate (so much food) at dinner yesterday.         (                       )
          The house is just near the beach.                   (                          )

Tina was kind enough to help the poor.  The people here work hard enough.


Adverbs modifying verbs are often moveable whereas adverbs modifying adjectives are not moveable.

II.  Types of Adverbs

1.  Adverbs of Manner                          -----  How
2.  Adverbs of Place / Direction             -----  Where / In what direction
3.  Adverbs of Time / Duration              -----  When  /  How long
4.  Adverbs of Frequency                      -----  How often
5.  Adverbs of Degree                           -----  To what extent
6.  Focusing Adverbs 
7.  Interrogative Adverbs
8.  Linking Adverbs
9.  Sentence Adverbs

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